What causes neurotoxicity?

Neurotoxicity specifically refers to the harmful effects that certain substances can have on the nervous system. Neurotoxins can disrupt the normal functioning of neurons, potentially leading to various neurological symptoms, cognitive deficits, and even permanent damage. This type of toxicity is particularly concerning because the nervous system is crucial for regulating and coordinating many bodily functions.

When a substance is described as neurotoxic, it indicates that it directly affects neurons or glial cells in the brain and spinal cord, rather than targeting other organs or systems in the body. For example, heavy metals like lead or mercury, certain pesticides, and some pharmaceutical drugs can exhibit neurotoxic effects, impairing neuronal health and function.

Understanding neurotoxicity is essential for environmental health, as exposure to these harmful substances can arise from various sources including pollution, occupational hazards, and even common household products.