What is one of the three overarching techniques for hazardous waste treatment?

Biological methods are recognized as one of the three overarching techniques for hazardous waste treatment. This approach leverages biological processes, such as microbial metabolism, to break down hazardous substances into less harmful or non-toxic forms. These methods can include bioremediation, where living organisms are used to clean up contaminated environments, or phytoremediation, which employs plants to absorb and metabolize pollutants. Biological methods are particularly effective for organic pollutants and can be a more sustainable and environmentally friendly solution compared to some of the physical or chemical treatment methods.

In contrast, other options encompass different strategies that may not align with the specified overarching techniques. For instance, storage methods primarily focus on the temporary containment of hazardous waste rather than its treatment. Containment methods aim to prevent the spread of hazardous materials but do not actively treat or eliminate the waste. Merger techniques are not commonly recognized within the framework of hazardous waste treatment, making biological methods a suitable choice in this context.